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SMBPASSWD(8)
NAME
smbpasswd - change a user's SMB password
SYNOPSIS
smbpasswd [-a] [-x] [-d] [-e] [-D debuglevel] [-n] [-r <remote machine>]
[-R <name resolve order>] [-m] [-U username[%password]] [-h] [-s]
[-w pass] [-i] [-L] [username]
DESCRIPTION
This tool is part of the Samba(7) suite.
The smbpasswd program has several different functions, depending on whether
it is run by the root user or not. When run as a normal user it allows the
user to change the password used for their SMB sessions on any machines
that store SMB passwords.
By default (when run with no arguments) it will attempt to change the
current user's SMB password on the local machine. This is similar to the
way the passwd(1) program works. smbpasswd differs from how the passwd
program works however in that it is not setuid root but works in a
client-server mode and communicates with a locally running smbd(8). As a
consequence in order for this to succeed the smbd daemon must be running on
the local machine. On a UNIX machine the encrypted SMB passwords are usual-
ly stored in the smbpasswd(5) file.
When run by an ordinary user with no options, smbpasswd will prompt them
for their old SMB password and then ask them for their new password twice,
to ensure that the new password was typed correctly. No passwords will be
echoed on the screen whilst being typed. If you have a blank SMB password
(specified by the string "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file) then just
press the <Enter> key when asked for your old password.
smbpasswd can also be used by a normal user to change their SMB password on
remote machines, such as Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers. See the
(-r) and -U options below.
When run by root, smbpasswd allows new users to be added and deleted in the
smbpasswd file, as well as allows changes to the attributes of the user in
this file to be made. When run by root, smbpasswd accesses the local
smbpasswd file directly, thus enabling changes to be made even if smbd is
not running.
OPTIONS
-a This option specifies that the username following should be added to
the local smbpasswd file, with the new password typed (type <Enter>
for the old password). This option is ignored if the username follow-
ing already exists in the smbpasswd file and it is treated like a reg-
ular change password command. Note that the default passdb backends
require the user to already exist in the system password file (usually
/etc/passwd), else the request to add the user will fail.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
-x This option specifies that the username following should be deleted
from the local smbpasswd file.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
-d This option specifies that the username following should be disabled
in the local smbpasswd file. This is done by writing a 'D' flag into
the account control space in the smbpasswd file. Once this is done all
attempts to authenticate via SMB using this username will fail.
If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format (pre-Samba 2.0 format)
there is no space in the user's password entry to write this informa-
tion and the command will FAIL. See smbpasswd(5) for details on the
'old' and new password file formats.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
-e This option specifies that the username following should be enabled in
the local smbpasswd file, if the account was previously disabled. If
the account was not disabled this option has no effect. Once the ac-
count is enabled then the user will be able to authenticate via SMB
once again.
If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format, then smbpasswd will
FAIL to enable the account. See smbpasswd(5) for details on the 'old'
and new password file formats.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
-D debuglevel
debuglevel is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this
parameter is not specified is zero.
The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files
about the activities of smbpasswd. At level 0, only critical errors
and serious warnings will be logged.
Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and
should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are
designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log
data, most of which is extremely cryptic.
-n This option specifies that the username following should have their
password set to null (i.e. a blank password) in the local smbpasswd
file. This is done by writing the string "NO PASSWORD" as the first
part of the first password stored in the smbpasswd file.
Note that to allow users to logon to a Samba server once the password
has been set to "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file the administrator
must set the following parameter in the [global] section of the
smb.conf file :
null passwords = yes
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
-r remote machine name
This option allows a user to specify what machine they wish to change
their password on. Without this parameter smbpasswd defaults to the
local host. The remote machine name is the NetBIOS name of the
SMB/CIFS server to contact to attempt the password change. This name
is resolved into an IP address using the standard name resolution
mechanism in all programs of the Samba suite. See the -R name resolve
order parameter for details on changing this resolving mechanism.
The username whose password is changed is that of the current UNIX
logged on user. See the -U username parameter for details on changing
the password for a different username.
Note that if changing a Windows NT Domain password the remote machine
specified must be the Primary Domain Controller for the domain (Backup
Domain Controllers only have a read-only copy of the user account da-
tabase and will not allow the password change).
Note that Windows 95/98 do not have a real password database so it is
not possible to change passwords specifying a Win95/98 machine as re-
mote machine target.
-R name resolve order
This option allows the user of smbpasswd to determine what name reso-
lution services to use when looking up the NetBIOS name of the host
being connected to.
The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They cause
names to be resolved as follows:
lmhosts: Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line
in lmhosts has no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the
lmhosts(5) for details) then any name type matches for lookup.
host: Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using the sys-
tem /etc/hosts , NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution
is operating system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this may
be controlled by the /etc/nsswitch.conf file). Note that this method
is only used if the NetBIOS name type being queried is the 0x20
(server) name type, otherwise it is ignored.
wins: Query a name with the IP address listed in the wins server
parameter. If no WINS server has been specified this method will be
ignored.
bcast: Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces listed in
the interfaces parameter. This is the least reliable of the name reso-
lution methods as it depends on the target host being on a locally
connected subnet.
The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast and without this
parameter or any entry in the smb.conf(5) file the name resolution
methods will be attempted in this order.
-m This option tells smbpasswd that the account being changed is a
MACHINE account. Currently this is used when Samba is being used as an
NT Primary Domain Controller.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
-U username
This option may only be used in conjunction with the -r option. When
changing a password on a remote machine it allows the user to specify
the user name on that machine whose password will be changed. It is
present to allow users who have different user names on different sys-
tems to change these passwords.
-h This option prints the help string for smbpasswd, selecting the
correct one for running as root or as an ordinary user.
-s This option causes smbpasswd to be silent (i.e. not issue prompts) and
to read its old and new passwords from standard input, rather than
from /dev/tty (like the passwd(1) program does). This option is to aid
people writing scripts to drive smbpasswd
-w password
This parameter is only available if Samba has been configured to use
the experimental --with-ldapsam option. The -w switch is used to
specify the password to be used with the ldap admin dn. Note that the
password is stored in the secrets.tdb and is keyed off of the admin's
DN. This means that if the value of ldap admin dn ever changes, the
password will need to be manually updated as well.
-i This option tells smbpasswd that the account being changed is an in-
terdomain trust account. Currently this is used when Samba is being
used as an NT Primary Domain Controller. The account contains the info
about another trusted domain.
This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root.
-L Run in local mode.
username
This specifies the username for all of the root only options to
operate on. Only root can specify this parameter as only root has the
permission needed to modify attributes directly in the local smbpasswd
file.
NOTES
Since smbpasswd works in client-server mode communicating with a local smbd
for a non-root user then the smbd daemon must be running for this to work.
A common problem is to add a restriction to the hosts that may access the
smbd running on the local machine by specifying either allow hosts or deny
hosts entry in the smb.conf(5) file and neglecting to allow "localhost" ac-
cess to the smbd.
In addition, the smbpasswd command is only useful if Samba has been set up
to use encrypted passwords.
VERSION
This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.
SEE ALSO
smbpasswd(5), Samba(7).
AUTHOR
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew
Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source pro-
ject similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page
sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open
Source software, available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated
for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for
Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for
Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.
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Index for
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