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LDAP(3)
NAME
ldap - OpenLDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol API
LIBRARY
OpenLDAP LDAP (libldap, -lldap)
SYNOPSIS
#include <ldap.h>
DESCRIPTION
The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol provides access to X.500
directory services. The services may be stand-alone or part of a
distributed directory service. This API supports LDAP over TCP (RFC2251),
LDAP over SSL, and LDAP over IPC (UNIX domain sockets). This API supports
SASL (RFC2829) and Start TLS (RFC2830). This API is based upon IETF C LDAP
API draft specification, a work in progress.
The OpenLDAP Software package includes a stand-alone server in slapd(8),
various LDAP clients, and an LDAP client library used to provide
programmatic access to the LDAP protocol. This man page gives an overview
of the LDAP library routines.
Both synchronous and asynchronous APIs are provided. Also included are
various routines to parse the results returned from these routines. These
routines are found in the -lldap library.
The basic interaction is as follows. A session handle is created using
ldap_init(3) or ldap_initialize(3). (The ldap_initialize(3) routine is
preferred, but is not part of the draft specification.) The underlying
session is established upon first use which is commonly an LDAP bind
operation. The LDAP bind operation is performed by calling
ldap_sasl_bind(3) or one of its friends. Next, other operations are
performed by calling one of the synchronous or asynchronous routines (e.g.,
ldap_search_ext_s(3) or ldap_search_ext(3) followed by ldap_result(3)).
Results returned from these routines are interpreted by calling the LDAP
parsing routines such as ldap_parse_result(3). The LDAP association and
underlying connection is terminated by calling ldap_unbind_ext(3). Errors
can be interpreted by calling ldap_err2string(3).
SEARCH FILTERS
Search filters to be passed to the ldap search routines are to be
constructed by hand and should conform to RFC 2254.
DISPLAYING RESULTS
Results obtained from the ldap search routines can be output by hand, by
calling ldap_first_entry(3) and ldap_next_entry(3) to step through the
entries returned, ldap_first_attribute(3) and ldap_next_attribute(3) to
step through an entry's attributes, and ldap_get_values(3) to retrieve a
given attribute's values. Attribute values may or may not be displayable.
CONTROLS
This library supports both LDAP Version 2 and Version 3, with the Version 2
protocol selected by default. LDAP Version 3 operations can be extended
through the use of controls. Controls can be sent to a server or returned
to the client with any LDAP message. Extended versions of the standard
routines are available for use with controls. These routines are generally
named by adding _ext to the regular routine's name.
UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATORS (URLS)
The ldap_url(3) routines can be used to test a URL to see if it is an LDAP
URL, to parse LDAP URLs into their component pieces, and to initiate
searches directly using an LDAP URL.
UTILITY ROUTINES
Also provided are various utility routines. The ldap_sort(3) routines are
used to sort the entries and values returned via the ldap search routines.
BER LIBRARY
Also included in the distribution is a set of lightweight Basic Encoding
Rules routines. These routines are used by the LDAP library routines to
encode and decode LDAP protocol elements using the (slightly simplified)
Basic Encoding Rules defined by LDAP. They are not normally used directly
by an LDAP application program except in the handling of controls and
extended operations. The routines provide a printf and scanf-like
interface, as well as lower-level access. These routines are discussed in
lber-decode(3), lber-encode(3), lber-memory(3), and lber-types(3).
INDEX
ldap_open(3) open a connection to an LDAP server (deprecated, use
ldap_init(3))
ldap_init(3) initialize the LDAP library without opening a
connection to a server
ldap_initialize(3) initialize the LDAP library without opening a
connection to a server
ldap_result(3) wait for the result from an asynchronous operation
ldap_abandon(3) abandon (abort) an asynchronous operation
ldap_add(3) asynchronously add an entry
ldap_add_s(3) synchronously add an entry
ldap_bind(3) asynchronously bind to the directory
ldap_bind_s(3) synchronously bind to the directory
ldap_simple_bind(3) asynchronously bind to the directory using simple
authentication
ldap_simple_bind_s(3)
synchronously bind to the directory using simple
authentication
ldap_unbind(3) synchronously unbind from the LDAP server and close the
connection
ldap_unbind_s(3) equivalent to ldap_unbind(3)
ldap_memfree (3) dispose of memory allocated by LDAP routines.
ldap_compare(3) asynchronously compare to a directory entry
ldap_compare_s(3) synchronously compare to a directory entry
ldap_delete(3) asynchronously delete an entry
ldap_delete_s(3) synchronously delete an entry
ldap_perror(3) print an LDAP error indication to standard error
ld_errno(3) LDAP error indication
ldap_result2error(3)
extract LDAP error indication from LDAP result
ldap_errlist(3) list of LDAP errors and their meanings
ldap_err2string(3) convert LDAP error indication to a string
ldap_first_attribute(3)
return first attribute name in an entry
ldap_next_attribute(3)
return next attribute name in an entry
ldap_first_entry(3) return first entry in a chain of search results
ldap_next_entry(3) return next entry in a chain of search results
ldap_count_entries(3)
return number of entries in a search result
ldap_get_dn(3) extract the DN from an entry
ldap_explode_dn(3) convert a DN into its component parts
ldap_explode_rdn(3) convert an RDN into its component parts
ldap_get_values(3) return an attribute's values
ldap_get_values_len(3)
return an attribute's values with lengths
ldap_value_free(3) free memory allocated by ldap_get_values(3)
ldap_value_free_len(3)
free memory allocated by ldap_get_values_len(3)
ldap_count_values(3)
return number of values
ldap_count_values_len(3)
return number of values
ldap_modify(3) asynchronously modify an entry
ldap_modify_s(3) synchronously modify an entry
ldap_mods_free(3) free array of pointers to mod structures used by
ldap_modify(3)
ldap_modrdn2(3) asynchronously modify the RDN of an entry
ldap_modrdn2_s(3) synchronously modify the RDN of an entry
ldap_modrdn(3) deprecated - use ldap_modrdn2(3)
ldap_modrdn_s(3) depreciated - use ldap_modrdn2_s(3)
ldap_msgfree(3) free results allocated by ldap_result(3)
ldap_msgtype(3) return the message type of a message from
ldap_result(3)
ldap_msgid(3) return the message id of a message from ldap_result(3)
ldap_search(3) asynchronously search the directory
ldap_search_s(3) synchronously search the directory
ldap_search_st(3) synchronously search the directory with timeout
ldap_is_ldap_url(3) check a URL string to see if it is an LDAP URL
ldap_url_parse(3) break up an LDAP URL string into its components
ldap_sort_entries(3)
sort a list of search results
ldap_sort_values(3) sort a list of attribute values
ldap_sort_strcasecmp(3)
case insensitive string comparison
SEE ALSO
ldap.conf(5), slapd(8), draft-ietf-ldapext-ldap-c-api-
xx.txt <http://www.ietf.org>
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
OpenLDAP is developed and maintained by The OpenLDAP Project
(http://www.openldap.org/). OpenLDAP is derived from University of
Michigan LDAP 3.3 Release.
These API manual pages are based upon descriptions provided in the IETF C
LDAP API Internet Draft, a work in progress, edited by Mark Smith.
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