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NMBD(8)
NAME
nmbd - NetBIOS name server to provide NetBIOS over IP naming services to
clients
SYNOPSIS
nmbd [ -D ] [ -a ] [ -i ] [ -o ] [ -P ] [ -h ] [ -V ] [ -d <debug
level> ] [ -H <lmhosts file> ] [ -l <log directory> ] [ -n <primary
netbios name> ] [ -p <port number> ] [ -s <configuration file> ]
DESCRIPTION
This program is part of the Samba suite.
nmbd is a server that understands and can reply to NetBIOS over IP name
service requests, like those produced by SMB/CIFS clients such as Windows
95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, and LanManager clients. It also
participates in the browsing protocols which make up the Windows "Network
Neighborhood" view.
SMB/CIFS clients, when they start up, may wish to locate an SMB/CIFS
server. That is, they wish to know what IP number a specified host is
using.
Amongst other services, nmbd will listen for such requests, and if its own
NetBIOS name is specified it will respond with the IP number of the host it
is running on. Its "own NetBIOS name" is by default the primary DNS name of
the host it is running on, but this can be overridden with the -n option
(see OPTIONS below). Thus nmbd will reply to broadcast queries for its own
name(s). Additional names for nmbd to respond on can be set via parameters
in the smb.conf(5)configuration file.
nmbd can also be used as a WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) server. What
this basically means is that it will act as a WINS database server,
creating a database from name registration requests that it receives and
replying to queries from clients for these names.
In addition, nmbd can act as a WINS proxy, relaying broadcast queries from
clients that do not understand how to talk the WINS protocol to a WIN
server.
OPTIONS
-D If specified, this parameter causes nmbd to operate as a daemon. That
is, it detaches itself and runs in the background, fielding requests
on the appropriate port. By default, nmbd will operate as a daemon if
launched from a command shell. nmbd can also be operated from the
inetd meta-daemon, although this is not recommended.
-a If this parameter is specified, each new connection will append log
messages to the log file. This is the default.
-i If this parameter is specified it causes the server to run
"interactively", not as a daemon, even if the server is executed on
the command line of a shell. Setting this parameter negates the
implicit deamon mode when run from the command line.
-o If this parameter is specified, the log files will be overwritten when
opened. By default, smbd will append entries to the log files.
-h Prints the help information (usage) for nmbd.
-H <filename>
NetBIOS lmhosts file. The lmhosts file is a list of NetBIOS names to
IP addresses that is loaded by the nmbd server and used via the name
resolution mechanism name resolve order to resolve any NetBIOS name
queries needed by the server. Note that the contents of this file are
NOT used by nmbd to answer any name queries. Adding a line to this
file affects name NetBIOS resolution from this host ONLY.
The default path to this file is compiled into Samba as part of the
build process. Common defaults are /usr/local/samba/lib/lmhosts,
/usr/samba/lib/lmhosts or /etc/lmhosts. See the lmhosts(5)man page
for details on the contents of this file.
-V Prints the version number for nmbd.
-d <debug level>
debuglevel is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this
parameter is not specified is zero.
The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files
about the activities of the server. At level 0, only critical errors
and serious warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for
day to day running - it generates a small amount of information about
operations carried out.
Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and
should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are
designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log
data, most of which is extremely cryptic.
Note that specifying this parameter here will override the log level
parameter in the smb.conffile.
-l <log directory>
The -l parameter specifies a directory into which the "log.nmbd" log
file will be created for operational data from the running nmbd
server. The default log directory is compiled into Samba as part of
the build process. Common defaults are /usr/local/samba/var/log.nmb,
/usr/samba/var/log.nmb or /var/log/log.nmb. Beware: If the directory
specified does not exist, nmbd will log to the default debug log
location defined at compile time.
-n <primary NetBIOS name>
This option allows you to override the NetBIOS name that Samba uses
for itself. This is identical to setting the NetBIOS nameparameter in
the smb.conffile. However, a command line setting will take precedence
over settings in smb.conf.
-p <UDP port number>
UDP port number is a positive integer value. This option changes the
default UDP port number (normally 137) that nmbd responds to name
queries on. Don't use this option unless you are an expert, in which
case you won't need help!
-s <configuration file>
The default configuration file name is set at build time, typically as
/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf, but this may be changed when Samba is
autoconfigured.
The file specified contains the configuration details required by the
server. See smb.conf(5)for more information.
FILES
/etc/inetd.conf
If the server is to be run by the inetd meta-daemon, this file must
contain suitable startup information for the meta-daemon. See the
UNIX_INSTALL.htmldocument for details.
/etc/rc
or whatever initialization script your system uses).
If running the server as a daemon at startup, this file will need to
contain an appropriate startup sequence for the server. See the
UNIX_INSTALL.htmldocument for details.
/etc/services
If running the server via the meta-daemon inetd, this file must
contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn) to service port
(e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp). See the UNIX_INSTALL.html
document for details.
/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf
This is the default location of the smb.conf server configuration
file. Other common places that systems install this file are
/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf and /etc/smb.conf.
When run as a WINS server (see the wins support parameter in the
smb.conf(5) man page), nmbd will store the WINS database in the file
wins.dat in the var/locks directory configured under wherever Samba
was configured to install itself.
If nmbd is acting as a browse master (see the local master parameter
in the smb.conf(5) man page, nmbd will store the browsing database in
the file browse.dat in the var/locks directory configured under
wherever Samba was configured to install itself.
SIGNALS
To shut down an nmbd process it is recommended that SIGKILL (-9) NOT be
used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the name database in an
inconsistent state. The correct way to terminate nmbd is to send it a
SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own.
nmbd will accept SIGHUP, which will cause it to dump out its namelists into
the file namelist.debug in the /usr/local/samba/var/locks directory (or the
var/locks directory configured under wherever Samba was configured to
install itself). This will also cause nmbd to dump out its server database
in the log.nmb file.
The debug log level of nmbd may be raised or lowered using smbcontrol(1)
(SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer used in Samba 2.2). This is to allow
transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running at a normally low
log level.
TROUBLESHOOTING
One of the common causes of difficulty when installing Samba and SWAT is
the existsnece of some type of firewall or port filtering software on the
Samba server. Make sure that the appropriate ports outlined in this man
page are available on the server and are not currently being blocked by
some type of security software such as iptables or "port sentry". For more
troubleshooting information, refer to the additional documentation included
in the Samba distribution.
VERSION
This man page is correct for version 2.2 of the Samba suite.
SEE ALSO
inetd(8), smbd(8), smb.conf(5) , smbclient(1) , and the Internet RFC's
rfc1001.txt, rfc1002.txt. In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification
is available as a link from the Web page http://samba.org/cifs/
<URL:http://samba.org/cifs/>.
AUTHOR
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew
Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source
project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page
sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open
Source software, available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/
<URL:ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/>) and updated for the Samba 2.0
release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done
by Gerald Carter
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Index for
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Alphabetical
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